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Pfizer also closed down their facility in Belgium to increase capacity. One core function of Supply Chain management is matching demand and supply, at the point of use. In Germany, we had close to a million doses sitting in depots, at the same time vaccination centers didn't have enough doses.

I do have the impression, that Pfizer is partially increasing capacity to be able to meet the increased orders from European countries. That increase now will impact availability through the end of January and February. Nicely done, because just ordering more doesn't mean more is available right now.

As of December 2020, Germany ordered enough doses from Biontech / Pfizer and Moderna to vaccinate 68 million people. Herd immunity is achieved with 58.2 million. So the problem is not the overall number of purchased doses, it is a mismatch between supply and the vaccination schedule. Since people always ignore the time dimension when it comes t supply chains, the go to solution was to order more. Then everybody ordered more out of fear to not get enough. When politicians and media started to blame manufacturers for the perceived shortages, manufacturers wnet public saying governments didn't order more and they could deliver more.

This hooked back to the initial, and wrong, solution of just ordering more. Then orders flew in, the capacity at the Belgium plant was not sufficient anymore. Now they increasig capacity, not manufactring anythig for a while. Orderig more didn't help solve the perceived, current shortages, instead it aggrevated them.

Source (in German, sorry for that, but it was the best I could find) for the numbers: https://www.dw.com/de/deutschland-hat-genug-impfstoff-f%C3%B...).

This effect, when demand fluctuations (either normal fluctuations or artificial ones expressed in fluctuating order sizes) is screwing up availability and supply, is well know as the Bullwhip effect. We saw that in early 2020 with toilett paper. We saw it with masks. And now, at even larger scale with a more critical product, with vaccines. Looking at that from the sidelines is just frustrating.

EDIT: Somehow, there is no data (easy to find) out there regarding delivery schedules by month and supplier. Which sucks. But I did find this from the EU:

Total ordered doses: "Contracts have been concluded with AstraZeneca (400 million doses), Sanofi-GSK (300 million doses), Johnson and Johnson (400 million doses ), BioNTech-Pfizer 600 million doses, CureVac (405 million doses) and Moderna (160 million doses). The Commission has concluded exploratory talks with the pharmaceutical company Novavax with a view to purchasing up to 200 million doses." In total 2.2 billion doses ordered from various suppliers with options for an additional 200 million. There are 446 million inhabitants in the EU, they ordered almost 5 doses per citizen.

That part of the EU Q&A page is IMHo hinting at the true issue here:

"How will logistics work? How will vaccines be distributed?

Logistics and transportation is a key aspect on which all Member States have to work, as emphasised in the Communication on preparedness for COVID-19 vaccination strategies and vaccine deployment of 15 October.

Delivery to national distribution hub(s) will be ensured by the manufacturers.

Further distribution to vaccination centres will be ensured by Member States, who will also be responsible for the vaccination of their population."

Just having doses sitting in a central hub doesn't do anything. In Germany the 16 states are responsible for getting the doses to the people. With very different results so far. And to be honest, as long as manufacturers can keep production up with their agreed upon delivery schedules, the first mile from the manufacturer to the hubs is actually the easiest part of this whole operation.

Source:https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_...

EDIT (again): I finally found some numbers, not even Google was helpfull here. Germany will get a total 91.3 million doses by end of Q2 2021 and another 127 million in Q3. Source: https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/1197100/umfra...

I stil didn't find any numbers for the EU, each EU-country or by month. That fact alone is troubling. These numbers do show so, assuming the delivery shedules will be similar for other EU countries, that ordering more is the wrong solution. instead, the focus should be, besides getting the local vaccination campaigns up and running, to get the already doses earlier. Swamping the manufacturers with additional orders already contributed, I assume, to the partial shut down of Pfizers EU plant. And that had the contrary effect of what everybody wants.

not sure, if me still being surprised by this kind of screw-ups by the German governmant and the EU is good thing or not. Especially the german government as a whole has quite a track record in failing at everything logistics and suplly chain related.