[samvher]

From a comment by raggi below:

The goal appears to be to design an architecture that supports in-place updates of most components due to them having tightly constrained state management and inter-component dependencies.

Maybe that explains the reference.

[cgh]

Yes, after watching the presentation linked in another comment, it appears the building blocks of Theseus are small code units called "cells", which correspond 1:1 with Rust crates. These can be swapped out because the dynamic loader ensures there are no memory boundary overlaps.