What do I type into google to buy this? A bit of searching has not turned up anything similar to what you describe :( Lots of ads for Tile and similar (aka not GPS trackers).
The Guardian bike tracker is one potential option. I would caution against a generic bluetooth tracker, I am not sure if you can integrate it with a SIM card easily.
https://www.aliexpress.com/item/1005001742170443.html?spm=a2...