“debug level” and “prod level” logs are pretty arbitrarily drawn lines from organisation to organisation. If they’re intentionally running that logging level on prod, it’s prod level
Not the OP, but: kind of, yes. Enough logging for someone with access to the source code to stand a good chance of reverse engineering what happened (code trace) when something goes wrong, without having the user reproduce. This capability is built into the product and involves significant development effort in itself.