[q3k]

But the image [1], once built, is still idempotent. You can deploy it and it will always contain the same configuration and code.

Meanwhile, a month-long Ubuntu VM that has received regular CM pushes (including system updates) will likely vastly differ from a branch new Ubuntu VM and a single CM push. To the point, where you can't be sure anymore that your current CM config will even work on a brand new machine, unless you're regularly testing that.

[1] - Yes, Dockerfiles do not make for reproducible builds - but once an OCI image is built, its deployment going to be reproducible. And there's more ways to build images than via Dockerfiles - some of which solve this problem (using Nix or Bazel, for example).

[inetknght]

> But the image [1], once built, is still idempotent. You can deploy it and it will always contain the same configuration and code.

VMs can be idempotent too. It's just that traditionally people attach storage to it. But VM snapshots are a thing.

> To the point, where you can't be sure anymore that your current CM config will even work on a brand new machine, unless you're regularly testing that.

The same can be argued about attached storage to a container.

[wejick]

By idempotent do you mean immutable?