[smokeyj]

> "This chart only shows correlation" is a useless comment to make unless accompanied by an analysis of the possible probabilistic models

Correlation implies causality until proven otherwise? Do you work for the government?

> Statisticians know that when they are observing correlations they don't have statistical evidence for causation.

Scientifically inspired voodoo is still voodoo. Say those with higher education have lower employment, you still don't know why. These people could be wealthier than the rest and have better opportunities in life REGARDLESS of their "education" (as one example). The macro-economist would then cite this data point is proof for needing more spending in higher-education, when in reality, this may not be the case.

[orijing]

Correlation implies causality until proven otherwise?

Where did I say that? I said that a comment like "this chart only shows correlation" is as useful as "The sky is blue." The sky is probably blue.

Scientifically inspired voodoo is still voodoo. Say those with higher education have lower employment, you still don't know why. These people could be wealthier than the rest and have better opportunities in life REGARDLESS of their "education" (as one example).

Please refer to the models that such data could support (my previous post). The joint influence of other variables like f0,...,fi is certainly discussed.

The macro-economist would then cite this data point is proof for needing more spending in higher-education, when in reality, this may not be the case.

Please refrain from judging a profession unless it is one that you are familiar with. I mentioned econometrics, which is a specialized form of statistics that focuses primarily on extracting information from observational data.

[smokeyj]

You claimed OP had no right in claiming causality could not be established unless an opposing data-set was present. Who says this data has to be present? Are econometrics infallible?

You're trying to analyze the human motivation for action in hopes of altering future action, all inside a vacuum void of real-life tests. You claim this type of empirical knowledge is impossible to attain, "(i.e. you can't run scientific experiments on people's lives, like telling random sample of people to go to college and others to not).", but I would disagree.

Companies go to great length to mine data about their customers and their behaviors, with the opportunity to run a-b tests and isolate causal relationships. We should should recognize econometrics for what it is, and that is a theoretical science, and that anyone has the right to question the integrity of claimed causal relationships.