Not any bigger than package repositories on linux distributions, which include the list of all known software and sometimes even rules how to build them.
It's just plain text. If I can have a local dump of wikipedia, I'm pretty sure I can store a list of developer IDs. Especially when I'm a company controlling the hardware and knowing what is the minimum amount of space the hard drives have in my computers.
There is a very large list of binaries that can potentially be downloaded, each of which can have hundreds or thousands of versions, while the number of known virus fingerprints is relatively small.
Apple doesn't check binary hashes but developer certificates these binaries are signed with. Which there are a lot less of (ie. firefox and thunderbird share the same certificate).
But the first lookup would have to stay, with all the implications that the proposed alternative (download a list of all certs/tickets) was meant to overcome.
It's just plain text. If I can have a local dump of wikipedia, I'm pretty sure I can store a list of developer IDs. Especially when I'm a company controlling the hardware and knowing what is the minimum amount of space the hard drives have in my computers.