[qayxc]

> What makes a language european?

That one's simple: it's a native language in a European country.

> Does it make french and english asian or african language?

No, since the official language is not the native language of and in these countries. Afrikaans, on the other hand is an African language, though it originated from (and is still very close to) Dutch.

> Is russian an asian language or a european language?

Russian is still a European language, despite most of Russia being located in Asia. The Asian parts of Russia have their own regional native languages (35 or so in total), with more than 20 official ones.