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by gus_massa 2055 days ago
Sorry for the very late response...

> they use a 3rd degree poly to remove the noise it seems... not to fit very well

They are not trying to fit the noise, they are trying to fit the hidden smooth signal that if hidden by the noise. In some cases it is difficult to make a formula for the real signal, so you can approximate it locally with a polynomial.

The idea is that after you subtract the smooth part, you get only the noise. So you can calculate the expected noise level.

And if the "noise" has a big peak, you can guess there is something strange, like a big absorption line.

See also my other comment: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24985680