It is hoped among Ethereum enthusiasts that moving from Proof of Work to Proof of Stake in Ethereum 2.0 will solve those massive energy usage problems without introducing vulnerabilities into the system.
The "What is the “nothing at stake” problem and how can it be fixed?" proposes 2 solutions. Which one does ethereum use? The page itself is pretty long, and I can't find an answer with a quick skim.
Did they end up solving the "nothing at stake" problem?