[stult]

It seems pretty evident to me that most successful and popular dynamically and statically typed languages are converging from different directions on a similar set of solutions. Very much reflecting the phenomenon you describe. Some simple examples: C# has moved from very strong typing of the exact sort OP criticizes (`Person person = new Person();`) to increasingly permitting looser/more expressive typing with `var`, anonymous types, pattern matching, etc. From the dynamic side, optional, loosely enforced typing is starting to grow more common (e.g., type hinting in Python, TypeScript in JavaScript) and provides a static but still flexible form of typing. So there's some happy medium where the language balances the permissiveness of dynamic typing and the expressiveness of static typing.

[chrisoverzero]

>[…] increasingly permitting looser/more expressive typing with `var`, anonymous types, pattern matching, etc.

None of these features are related to loosening the type system.

[loup-vaillant]

It can still feel that way. Take C++ for instance:

  Foo  f = fooFromElsewhere;  // explicit typing (old)
  auto f = fooFromElsewhere;  // type inference  (new)

Now what happens if we change the type of `fooFromElsewhere` from `Foo` to `Bar`? With the old way, we need to change the code to:

  Bar f = fooFromElsewhere;

With type inference however, you won't need to change that line at all. And if the new type has enough in common with the old type, you may not change the code at all. It's just as strict as explicit typing, but it's arguably more flexible, and thus feels looser.

[inetknght]

In cases where Foo and Bar are stricly incompatible, auto is fine here. In cases where Foo and Bar are similar and might cause trouble, auto shouldn't be used here.

[loup-vaillant]

Yeah, I was omitting a bias I have: I tend not to write class hierarchies, so my types are generally strictly incompatible. Things would be different if the code involved some big class hierarchy (as is sometimes the case, for instance in widget toolkits).