This is my recommendation as well, although since you mentioned it, I would throw in SICP as well,
You can work through SICP to help learn Clojure/LISP at the fundamentals level, and then expand out to more practical use cases with the recommendations above.
Because the syntax alone is already so different it was a great way for me to "re-learn" programming. Even for the very short while I played with it, it really thought me to look further than the default go-to patterns I used to use.
What was it about Go that made your Python code better, though?