[vinay_ys]

UPI usage/traffic has grown orders of magnitude each year. That kind of growth isn't handled reliably by the best of the startups even today (remember twitter in its early years?). Banks do invest a lot of money/resources into running/managing UPI but that alone isn't enough. There is no substitute for time and experience (talent) that's needed for the culture change within bank IT teams to mature, and their leadership teams – they have to shift their thinking to deal with the pace of growth and frankly the pace of changes as well.