[Animats]

Right. UPI appears to be a payment system only. Not a sales transaction system. When you buy something with a credit card, there is evidence of a transaction in both directions - you buy some thing from a seller. That allows disputes, dispute resolution, and reversal.

A one-way payment system, such as Venmo, lacks that. (Venmo is trying to retrofit a dispute mechanism, for which they charge 3% extra.) What's Google proposing? Probably something with terms that include "sole discretion" (theirs) and forced arbitration.

[PaulDavisThe1st]

The article is a fairly easy read, and would answer your question "What's Google proposing". They don't seem to be proposing "sole discretion" or forced arbitration. The Indian UPI system specifically involves a central agent, effectively a government body, that is involved in setting up and authenticating all transactions that occur using UPI.