[lasagnaphil]

Robotics also requires a thorough understanding rotations and transformations (and its time derivatives), thus requiring a bit of Lie algebra. The calculations itself aren’t that complicated, but the concept is still quite confusing for beginners and quite intimidating if you go deep down into theory.

[bumby]

In addition, almost any control system with feedback requires some variant of PID control. “I” as in integral and “D” as in derivative makes it hard to get away from calculus concepts