[mochomocha]

In the PGO category, there's also this recent proposal: http://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2020-April/140763.h...

At compile-time only, people have also been using trained models to derive cost functions for sequences of instructions (as opposed to analytical models which become very difficult to derive these days given the complexity of modern CPU architectures)

[WalterBright]

This is interesting, as I have essentially given up on attempting to figure out which sequences are faster. Instead, I go for the approximations that fewer instructions equals faster, and registers are faster.

It's hard to even figure out if the scheduling algorithms that work well on the Pentium and PentiumPro are worthwhile for the x86-64.