All the heavy lifting is offloaded to C libraries. So, no, you shouldn't see a significant performance penalty, unless your Python WM is doing bitcoin mining in the background or something.
It's a WM (Window Manager). It only sets the placement of windows, it does not interfere with the programs themselves (that's what systemd and gnome-session do) nor does it do the fancy part of the painting (that's what a compositor does).
So no, do not expect a significant performance penalty.
Having done tiling WM with lots of logic implemented in Lua myself, ten or so years ago, I never met any performance issues, besides repainting of dragging indicators for free floating windows
Don't get me wrong; I expect Go to be far more performant than Python. Just, they're both garbage-collected, and I have no reason to expect GC perf (specifically) to differ.
All the heavy lifting is offloaded to C libraries. So, no, you shouldn't see a significant performance penalty, unless your Python WM is doing bitcoin mining in the background or something.