Not really. The only way a collision could truly raise an orbit is if a resulting piece of debris had far higher velocity than either incoming satellite which, while maybe not theoretically impossible, seems exceedingly unlikely. Furthermore, the way orbital mechanics works, all orbits resulting from a collision go through the point of the collision, so the collision of two objects in circular orbits can never result in an orbit with higher perigee. The orbit of debris may turn from circular to elliptical with a higher apogee, but those orbits will almost certainly have lower perigees and decay faster.