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by toast0 2215 days ago
You shouldn't need to send the root certificate (unless the clients are _really_ dumb, but I worked with a lot of dumb clients, and did not see any issues with only sending intermediates and the entity cert), but a fair number of cert chain verifiers are fairly dumb and won't stop when they get to a root they know which makes things tricky.

If some of your clients don't have the UserTrust CA, but do have the AddTrust CA, up until today, you probably wanted to include the UserTrust CA cert signed by AddTrust. Clients with the UserTrust CA should see that the intermediate cert is signed by UserTrust and not even read that cross signed cert, but many do see the cross signed cert and then make the trust decision based on the AddTrust CA.

It's hard to identify clients in the TLS handshake to give them a cert chain tailored to their individual needs; there's some extensions for CA certs supported, but they're largely unused.