[gryson]

>I don't have any real evidence of this but my intuition is that Sony allowed their American arm more latitude and gave them more credibility with regard to designing the market strategy.

In reality, the exact opposite happened. Ken Kutaragi (creator of the PlayStation) and Norio Ohga (then-president of Sony) were outraged that the Sony executives in America were not following their instructions, and they fired the vast majority of them. This is discussed at length in the book Revolutions at Sony by Reiji Asakura. The American side wanted to make all kinds of changes - they hated the name PlayStation, they hated the grey color (they wanted it to be black), and they hated that Kutaragi would not let them include a pack-in title for free with each console. The Japanese side quickly responded, fired most of them, and took direct control.

[gryson]

Oops - made a mistake here. The American side wanted the PlayStation to be WHITE, not black. I went back and checked the book. Quote:

>First he [Michael Schulhof - CEO of Sony Corp of America] objected to the color of the console. [He] insisted that gray was unacceptable in the U.S. market, and that the console must be white. Neither did he like the design or the logo mark. Their approach was to object to everything on grounds such as the results of market research: "We can't accept such an unusual controller. The design is too small for American hands." What is more, they insisted that they would set the U.S. list price themselves and they disapproved of the name PlayStation. The "Play" in PlayStation, they said, was reminiscent of "Playboy" and might be misconstrued. With one issue after another, the criticism was relentless.

>...Maruyama carefully assessed the likelihood that U.S. management would respect the intentions of management in Japan. He concluded that it would be impossible for managers steeped in the conventions of the game industry, and he decided to replace the lot except for a select few. In January of 1996, Sony established subsidiary SCEI America in San Francisco, simultaneously replacing most of the managers and launching a new management team. Maruyama comments: "We swept the organization clean of all the old obstacles. We realized that we had to manage our own business."

I previously transcribed more of this excerpt here:

https://www.sega-16.com/forum/showthread.php?34167-Sega-and-...

And here is the news story about Michael Schulhof being forced to resign:

https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1995-12-06-19953400...

[ErikAugust]

"he American side wanted to make all kinds of changes - they hated the name PlayStation, they hated the grey color (they wanted it to be black)"

I have to love that these aesthetics the Americans were upset about made no difference to the success of the PlayStation.

[interestica]

I inherited an NES (something my parents would otherwise never have allowed to happen) and never owned another game system. My knowledge of the game systems were pretty removed. But, I know that I cognitively grouped the PlayStation with the SuperNintendo and my desktop computer at the time precisely because of the matching colours. I think it was an intentional design association that helped "understand the place" of those devices ("this is a computer"). Kinda like how my earliest tv was a huge carved wooden piece of furniture with fabric accents. The design told you "this is furniture".

[defen]

Sounds like a classic case of bikeshedding - the execs in question probably weren't qualified to have opinions on hardware design or software development, so instead they focused on entry-level stuff like the name and the physical appearance.

[MengerSponge]

Yeah, and that makes Sony JP firing them so much more satisfying.

[chc]

It's hard to say if that's entirely true. Sony did end up changing the system's color and making the controller bigger and bigger on subsequent iterations of the PlayStation, so apparently they came around on those ideas.

[ErikAugust]

I’ll agree to some degree, but PlayStation sold twice as many units as Nintendo 64. We could list the differences between consoles and point to some more important factors first - price, abundance of titles available, etc.

[lackbeard]

Or maybe it succeeded in spite of the name, color, and small controllers and would've been even more successful if the Americans got their way. I guess we'll never know.

[ErikAugust]

It sold 40 million units versus the N64’s 20 million units. N64 was black? Big whoop. Price, abundance of titles, and some other factors come before anything like that.

[danbmil99]

That's interesting. As I said I work with Sega so I didn't have any first-hand experience with Sony at that time.

So given what you're saying here I'll amend my perspectives to say that Sony Japan just understood the American Market better than Sega Japan.

[gryson]

I wouldn't say that the Japanese side of Sega wasn't aware of the issue of pricing the console too high. In fact, Hayao Nakayama often spoke of this in 1994 - he was very sensitive that a high-priced console would not sell in America (and used the 3DO as evidence). He was quoted a few years back as saying that the reason he approved the 32X was because Sega of America were insistent that the Saturn was priced too high to ever sell there (the quote is in the book Sega Mega Drive Collected Works).

However, the 32X failed spectacularly, and that left Sega with nothing but the Saturn. Their response was to price-match the PlayStation, which seriously pushed them into the red. There wasn't much that could be done at that point.

[corey_moncure]

How ironic given that the Net Yaroze, N64, and then PS2 were all black.

[kipchak]

Maybe the goal was to keep the design and implications of the "Nintendo Playstation" design?