[rasz]

LaserDisc preservation by capturing raw rf signal might be closest to what you want https://www.domesday86.com/?page_id=978

There was someone doing custom interface to read very old HDD (mfm old), dont remember the exact website.

Here is this DVD hack https://debugmo.de/2007/07/read-your-dvds-the-raw-way/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7olNiMCz9to showed how easy it is to do it for CDs.

There are also CD emulators injecting signal directly into laser lens interface https://shop.terraonion.com/en/home/17-Terraonion_MODE_Dream....