[_7fvc]

In system design, there are tradeoffs. You can't automagically get everything you want. For example, regarding the block size, you can increase the block size to scale transactions or you can do L2 off-chain. Each comes with its own pros and cons. Big blocks are easier to implement and simpler to set up, but they'll require future hard forks. Off-chain scaling is more flexible but they are a lot more complicated. Big block retains decentralization feature. Off-chain scaling will require some centralization in layer 2 to bring the cost down. Both are fine scaling strategies. But the discussion becomes highly political. One side needs to win.

And there's DeFi, decentralized finance. It's more like centralized finance dressed up in tech jargon. When you add more layers on top of the main chains, the complexity of the systems increase. To bring down the costs, you'll have to create centralized layer 2 systems.