Then over time Adobe added a number of interactive (forms), multimedia and rich media (embedded JS) features, leading to even more vectors.
Note the attempts at the link to sanitize image formats that don't have over the top complexity.
If your question is why an electronic document format has support for images and interactivity, I don't know what to tell you.
Then over time Adobe added a number of interactive (forms), multimedia and rich media (embedded JS) features, leading to even more vectors.