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by yorwba 2299 days ago
> Align text to voice (the hardest part) using some private api

That's also the part that would be most interesting to have explained. Is it language-agnostic? After all, the title says "in any language", but I can't think of any text-audio alignment algorithms that don't require a language-specific model. (Unless you just count characters and assume they map linearly to time, which I'd expect to go very badly.)

3 comments

Having worked for many years in a linguistics research lab where we spent a lot of money paying people to edit and align subtitles and audio transcripts, and having largely written what was at the time the most sophisticated subtitle-and-transcript editing tool available, I can confirm: counting characters and mapping them linearly to timespan, even after isolating vocals, does indeed go very poorly. And much worse when there's singing involved.
So let’s play, if you can guess the align method I’ll open source it :)
Alternately, since you say speech recognition isn't "even close", I might try going the other way--doing text-to-speech on the audio stream, attempting to align the two speech tracks, and the back-porting the timecodes from audio alignment onto the text.

But that seems a lot more complicated... so, unlikely.

A way to cheat that would probably work good enough most of the time would be to spectrographic analysis on the audio stream to identify syllables, and then similarly just count syllables in the known text and line those up. That works better the more consistent your spelling system is, though, and still requires language-specific modelling. If you actually want to do a decent job cross-linguistically, you'd need in the general case a dictionary for every supported language listing syllable counts for each word (because not everybody's orthography is transparent enough to make simple models like counting character sequences work).

If you actually have a fully language-agnostic algorithm for aligning text to audio that's actually decently accurate, though, that's gotta be worth at least a Master's degree in computational linguistics, 'cause on the face of it it doesn't seem to me (who has such a Masters degree) that it should even theoretically be possible.

You are close enough, so I have to respect my word. I’m not a genius, just a lego builder, I’ve tried a lot of methods, from DL to ML but aeneas project (with some optimizations) gave me the best results. Amazing project and even better personality. Take a look at https://github.com/readbeyond/aeneas Together with espeak-ng, you can get good results for line level alignment for 108 languages.
Good to know that aeneas works reasonably well even for sung speech. I've tried using aeneas for LibriVox audiobooks (10+ hours), which failed because it tries to load the whole file into memory at once and then compute FFTs on it all at once etc., which I don't have the RAM for. So right now I'm Rewriting in Rust™ using iterators to hopefully reduce memory usage and improve performance.

Espeak-ng supporting 108 languages is maybe a bit misleading. They have pronunciation definitions for many languages, but the actual level of support varies widely.

For Mandarin, espeak-ng 1.49.2 has a bug where it reads the tone numbers out loud instead of modifying the pitch contour, so e.g. the number 四 (four) is pronounced si si instead of , because it has the fourth tone. That's the version packaged for Ubuntu, so you may be using it for your API.

For Japanese, kanji aren't supported at all, so 四 is pronounced as "Chinese letter" (in English). For proper Japanese support, you'd need to switch to a different TTS engine like Open JTalk or preprocess the text to transform it into kana.

Also note that Aeneas is licensed under AGPL, which requires you to offer the source code if you let others interact with the program over a network (which is what your API does). So your attempt to keep the secret sauce private and only reveal it once someone guessed the algorithm was likely illegal. You should add proper copyright notices to your program and audioai.online

Thanks for your reply, I’ll add copyright notice soon. I didn’t really tried to keep it private, otherwise I could just ignore the question. The reason that I didn’t cite it in the first place, it’s because I’m still testing few alternatives.
Ah! It's not even trying to do word or syllable-level alignment. Well, that makes the problem considerably more error-tolerant. And they specifically call out ASR-based aligners as more accurate, so that makes me feel good about myself! Still, that's a cool project; thanks for pointing it out. I shall have to dig into it and see what they are actually doing.

Even with only line-level accuracy, that would've been nice to have 7 years ago... but I see the first commit to the project is only in 2015. Might still be useful to some of my old colleagues, though; I'll have to see if they've heard of it.

I was playing with Aeneas and I didn't really find it THAT accurate, using Syllabification-by-Analogy and then doing some optimizations like matching choruses or verses which are repeated yielded interesting results. When I was doing this then spleeter and demucs and other vocal isolators weren't out so I should probably have another go with those...
Based on your experience, which alignment method/system is the state of the art? (I’m looking for accurate word/syllable level alignment for Youka)
How's the performance on some of the harder songs to align? When the voice is too melodic or the characteristic high female pitch that can get mistaken for instruments? Something like Royals - Lorde maybe.
I preprocess the vocals using Sox, so the female singing become more like male speaking
The way I'd do it is to use an existing speech recognition system with a large number of language models available (like CMU Sphinx--but probably not CMU Sphinx, 'cause I don't think there are decent openly-available models for 108 different language for Sphinx; maybe MicroSoft's Azure speech to text API or IBM's Watson speech recognition or something like that) to produce a rough transcript with timecodes, and then meet in the middle--use the timecodes from speech recognition, and the known-good text from whatever lyrics you already found, and reduce it to a text-to-text alignment problem so you can match up the ASR timecodes to the known-good text. First pass, I'd probably try an LCS match on the two text streams, but if that wasn't good enough, I'm sure there are better algorithms in the bioinformatics literature.
Speech recognition?
not even close
Method that can be algorithmically reduced to the FFT? In Big O terms at least?
Examining the source, it looks like alignment is done via an HTML form data submission to 'https://api.audioai.online/split-align'. Manually visiting that website, however, is not very informative... the entire text of http://audioai.online is

  Audio AI API
    Split voice from audio
    Sync voice to text
  contact
You can use spleeter and align in any audio application.
The question is, how can you do it automatically..