American government does more than anyone else. They provide the system with fuel by providing a sufficiently large base of price-insensitive customers that reasonable numbers don't have to be used for drug prices.
Health "Insurance" abstracts these costs away, and works as a very effective method of locking in those inflated costs with no consumer backlash, because many don't connect the dots, and the ones who do feel they have no other option.
Even worse, health insurance has an incentive to increase costs because of the 80/20 rule. If the 80% costs go up, so does the 20% profits they are allowed to keep.
And for the rest: part of the problem is that the government is doing stuff, instead of getting out of the way..