That's true - when HFT first became a thing, there were a few studies that compared reaction times between the top traders and the machines and found that expert traders that composed the market making function could make better trades in less time (on the order of fractions of a second) with fewer errors. Of course, that's a distant memory at this point -- the machines have obviously won out on the part of the market's structure but kind of interesting that the humans were quite fast (faster than I would have guessed).
Probably. It has been pretty much confirmed everywhere it has been tested.
For example, chess masters memorize chess positions faster than normal people--but only for chess positions that are "valid". If you can't get to the position with play, they don't memorize them any better than normal people.
Fair point.. but equally interesting is pondering the neural structures of those who are domain experts but were born blind. Do they have a sympathetic structure that aids them? What does that look like? Is there a way to develop both this and "cortical representations" equally?