[aperrien]

Doesn't it really depend on how you define the weights? If you can't answer that question, you'll have no idea what to look for. For example, I understand that FIB-SEM microscopy can currently sample the chemical makeup of the voxels where the synapses lie. Those should be the answer to this question, if we agree that the neurotransmitter type and density are the weights. However, if you define the weights as the type and quality of dendrites that lead up to the synapse, you'll get a different answer. Perhaps a better answer to the question is that we are still studying what the weights should be, and having a complete connectome will make it much easier to test the different theories.

[perl4ever]

Not an original comment, but people occasionally point out that neurons like other cells are descended from self-sufficient life-forms that do all tasks all by themselves, so it would be weird if they were as simple as the mathematical concept we want to assign to them. If a neuron is not itself intelligent in some sense, how does a single cell "decide" what to do?