In a case like this, they would just request the information through a legal procedural called "discovery" in which a party is required to turn over requested information relevant to a legal matter to the opposing party.
In short, it doesn't matter if they don't have EULA or technical access to the data.
They would never snoop on a personal device - the risk of loss of user trust and pr has to be immesurably greater than any potential benefit. Maybe he used devices owned by Apple to work on his company.
Does Apple just have carte blanche access to any data they have?
I mean, I guess so, there’s probably some EULA I haven’t read.
But I’d think their privacy stances would let you sue them if they snooped through your iCloud backups.
Unless it was a company phone in which case their employees probably have a separate EULA like most corporate devices.
Just like you hopefully wouldn’t stream a torrent over your corporate VPN.