[bserfaty]

The name "Palestine" was given by the Romans. The area was known to it's inhabitants as Judea. During the iron age the kingdoms of Judea and Israel existed in the area. The name "Israel" first appears in the Merneptah Stele c. 1209 BCE: "Israel is laid waste and his seed is no more."

[jaratec]

The name is older, it comes from the philistines, one of the people that emerged after the bronze age colapse.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philistines