[zoltanlehoczky]

Yes, it's converting .NET code to run on FPGAs by creating an equivalent hardware design to the logic contained in the .NET code.

And yes, it's all about parallelization. As the docs also say, this only makes sense if your algorithm is embarrassingly parallel. If you check out the examples are like this too (within the limitations of a small FPGA).

BTW "programming" an FPGA in my understanding is the process of flashing the bitstream onto the board.