[eindiran]

The rules of Magic are quite complex so you'll be hard pressed to find a resource that actually covers all of them that's able to be digested quickly. The reason there is so much to learn is that cards have rules on them, and there are a lot of cards: this leads to a lot of crazy interactions, which is what makes the game very interesting.

This should cover the (very) basics well: http://www.teachmtg.com/basics

If you want a video, something like this should cover the bare-bones basics: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZyXU1L3JXk

Once you have a sense of the basics, the best way to learn is to play and look up rulings whenever you get stuck.

Basic official rules are here: https://magic.wizards.com/en/magic-gameplay

Comprehensive rules for the current season are here: https://media.wizards.com/2019/downloads/MagicCompRules%2020...

Whenever there is a ruling specific to a card and its non-trivial interactions, you can look the card up in Gatherer, and there will be a rulings section that will tell you the relevant info. For example, if you were using the card 'Felidar Guardian' and didn't know what would happen in a particular case, you'd look up its Gatherer page: https://gatherer.wizards.com/Pages/Card/Details.aspx?multive...