Smart air-condition and cooling is also a possibility, a here Finland we have started to piloting programs where heating is smart so houses are heated more when electricity prices are low.
That reminds me of the so called "Niedertarif-Speicherheizung" (storage heater) that were installed until the 80s here in Germany. They used the comparatively cheaper energy during the nighttime to heat up and then emit the heat during the day. They were controlled by the energy provider to turn on when the energy price was low.