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by racino84 2436 days ago
Isn't the >> notation easier
1 comments
derekp7 2436 days ago
Can you elaborate? The only '>>' notation I'm familiar with is to append to a file.

The purpose of this technique is if you have a script running on, say, a master host, has a bunch of functions, but has a couple functions that need to run somewhere else (like a backup script that needs to put a remote database server in hot backup mode). You can either write the remote commands to a file, sync it to the remote host (somewhere), then execute it. Or, use this technique to pass the function "live" to the remote environment and run it unmodified.

I personally use it in the front-end client script (snebu-client) for the Snebu backup system.

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racino84 2436 days ago 

  ssh user@domain.xxx << HERE
    echo "HELLO"
    cat /etc/hosts
  HERE
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derekp7 2436 days ago
Ah, hear documents -- had the arrows pointing the other way. The problem is that you still have to worry about escaping some special characters, such as the dollar sign.

Whereas by using the "declare" syntax, or the attached script in the gist, you can send a number of inter-dependent functions without escaping anything in them (treat them as if they are local), along with the additional complexity you can encapsulate into regular structured programming syntax.

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wahern 2435 days ago
You can control expansion of heredoc content by quoting the delimiter, like:

  ssh user@domain.xxx <<'HERE'
    echo $USER
  HERE
Per POSIX, "If any part of word is quoted, the delimiter shall be formed by performing quote removal on word, and the here-document lines shall not be expanded. Otherwise, the delimiter shall be the word itself." "If no part of word is quoted, all lines of the here-document shall be expanded for parameter expansion, command substitution, and arithmetic expansion."
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