[ianai]

I think either windfall awards for successful, new medications that then become public domain and production and/or public loans with gracious forgiveness conditions for meds that fail to make it out of the trials would significantly help the market clear. It’s inefficient to let a company coalesce all the resources and knowledge needed to develop a medication for a disease and then let or force that company into bankruptcy after a failed trial. Those people and resources can more readily retool, refocus, and so on onto the next medication than always starting from scratch.

Windfall payments should make the government able to produce and deliver he medication at the rate of occurrence in population instead of a pricing mechanism.

Just my .02 though.