from the perspective of a contemporary Athenian, yes, he did say things that were incompatible with the state religion. I don't think a modern reader necessarily has to agree that that's "corrupting the youth". the Athenians also probably didn't care very much about this anyway. the charge was literally true, but it was also bullshit because none of the accusers actually cared about any of the offenses they were charging him with. what they actually cared about was that he had humiliated them in public on many occasions and his association with (though not outright involvement in) the reign of the thirty tyrants.