[BrandonM]

This seems like a different kind of deception, the kind that one could stumble upon by random chance. Evolution could be responsible for a specific trait leading male cuttlefish to be inclined to pretend to be female. The way to test that would be to determine if the cuttlefish is deceptive in other, completely unrelated ways.

Primates, on the other hand, can use manipulation in a broad range of circumstances, in a way that is indicative of a higher level of thinking.