Almost all of what are called subsidies for oil and gas (can’t speak for coal), at least in North America, are just the fact that we don’t price in externalities. There are a few token non-operational subsidies that oil companies enjoy, but they are orders of magnitude smaller than the taxes we apply to oil and gas at multiple levels of production, distribution, and sale.
Oil and gas, if you ignore global warming, really is very, very cheap.
Oil and gas, if you ignore global warming, really is very, very cheap.