[isoprophlex]

I've had to ask coworkers "was I talking out loud or are my thoughts just very noisy?" when in the middle of some intense problem solving.

It's normal I guess, or at least not pathological. I don't really care when it happens, its just my thoughts 'overflowing'.

The self loathing/vicious character might be some function of your self-image? Like others have said, cognitive behavioural therapy might be beneficial for you. it's very legit and mainstream, why not give it a try?