[robocat]

Are tamper proof outlets mandatory? The UK has had shutters on the phase that is opened by the earth pin forever. Which is why their plugs are caltrops, and have a plastic earth pin if double insulated (only phase and neutral wired, with no earth wire).

I don't think I have ever seen a US plug where the pins have a non-conductive protective covering at the base of the pin (I think all modern UK and NZ male plugs have that. Although I'll be honest that I think the NZ solution makes plugs less safe due to risk of pins bending then breaking and leaving a live metal pin exposed in the socket).

EU sockets are mostly recessed from what I have seen (some NZ sockets are, but the recess is still is often unusable with old plugs, so is not common yet, but will become so as more plugs are sold that fit properly).

[Doxin]

> The UK has had shutters on the phase that is opened by the earth pin forever. Which is why their plugs are caltrops

No, bad design is why they are caltrops. Over here in the Netherlands shutters are similarly required but none of our plugs need a third pin. The shutter is a see-saw construction that works in such a way that you need to insert both prongs at the same time for the shutter to rotate out of the way.

That said our grounded plugs are still caltrops for no real good reason, though less so than the UK ones. They tend to fall with the prongs to the side instead of prongs-up.

[pkaye]

> Are tamper proof outlets mandatory?

Its required by current US NEC code but older house are grandfathered in unless they do major renovation. Also some exceptions like outlets high enough to be out of reach of kids.

Its possible that the UK/NZ plugs have better designs. The code improves step by step here.