[MSD1976]

As far as I know, most of these payment networks don't extend credit to customers in the same way that Visa's network enables. Consumer credit is a very powerful force that is often under-appreciated, and that benefits all parties involved in a transaction (e.g., consumers, merchants, and banks).

[riffraff]

I feel credit-cards-as-credit is mostly an American thing, basically everyone I know in Europe treats their card effectively as a debit one, the only difference being you could not rent a car with a debit one.

Some people don't even know the difference and get surprised when their card cannot be used for some credit usages.

(That is just my anecdotal evidence, of course)

[MSD1976]

You're definitely right. Different countries have varying degrees of credit vs debit penetration. US skews more credit.

[ian0]

Yep. Typically the the role of credit facilities is supplied by a different class of app, eg. Klarna, Kredivo, Akulaku. Though the wallets are now providing their own, eg Alipays Check Later, Gojek & Ovos Paylater.