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You've actually stumbled upon the central premise of this discovery. If you finely divide a magnet into tiny magnets and suspend the particles in a liquid, you get... a normal ferrofluid. It's magnetic in the presence of an external field, but will lose its magnetization once that field is removed. This is because permanent magnetism (i.e. ferromagnetism) is a bulk property. Every atom has a magnetic moment, but they are normally randomly aligned and thus the macroscopic field cancels out.
It's only when these moments are aligned that a macroscopic magnetic field arises. Permanent magnets have the requisite crystalline structure for this to happen. As you chop it up, this macroscopic organization is destroyed. If you get into the details, what they've done is to use the surface tension of the oil-in-water to "jam" an outer layer of magnetic particles and prevent them from rotating, thus preserving their magnetic alignment. This, in turn, is apparently enough to keep the free-floating, unjammed particles inside the droplet aligned as well, thus turning the entire droplet into a magnet. Pretty interesting, because without the membrane, none of the ferrofluid is magnetic, but with the membrane, all of it is. |