[mountainofdeath]

The government doesn't print money to catch failing banks, at least not usually. For standard bank deposits, banks pay a fee to FDIC as a percentage of their assets just like any insurance policy.

Keep in mind, it's to the bank's advantage to remain solvent at all costs. An insolvent bank will be liquidated and shareholders are left empty handed. Between the FDIC insurance and the liquidated assets is how these things are paid out.