[ThJ]

I suspect this is a matter of ideologies. A constellation of tangential policies derived from various ideological values widely held in Europe conspire to make it difficult for tech giants to exist.

You can't build a boat if you don't recognise the existence of the sea, are opposed to things that float and require all boats to have holes in them.

It's obvious when stated like that, but now replace the boat with attitudes and policies that indirectly affect the viability of tech startups.