[jacques_chester]

The paper mentions Zuul as a previous work, but notes that batching has downsides:

> Optimistic execution of changes is another technique being used by production systems (e.g., Zuul [12]). Similar to optimistic concurrency control mechanisms in transactional systems, this approach assumes that every pending change in the system can succeed. Therefore, a pending change starts performing its build steps assuming that all the pending changes that were submitted before it will succeed. If a change fails, then the builds that speculated on the success of the failed change needs to be aborted, and start again with new optimistic speculation. Similar to the previous solutions, this approach does not scale and results in high turnaround time since failure of a change can abort many optimistically executing builds. Moreover, abort rate increases as the probability of conflicting changes increase (Figure 1).