You're conflating C++/CLI with the MSVC /clr compiler switch. They're distinct.
With /clr:pure (which produces CIL only, although it is allowed to use memory-unsafe features like pointers), the entirety of ISO C90 is supported on CLR, with the sole exception of setjmp/longjmp.
C++/CLI adds language extensions that allow one to interact with the CLR object model from C++ code. It is only needed if you need to call into the .NET standard library, or other managed libraries - i.e. if your C code is not portable to begin with.
C++/CLI is just ISO C++ plus a couple of language extensions, you know like the Linux kernel is ISO C plus GCC extensions.
I hardly see the difference.
No chip on the shoulder, just an old guy that has seen dozens of VMs since the mid-80s, delved into others from earlier decades, which doesn't buy into WASM marketing.
Why the chip on the shoulder?