[phaser]

QBASIC.EXE! When I was in high school, there was this small program (small enough you won't delete for extra space for games) included with DOS that contained everything you needed to create a small program.

Today's official answer would be Visual Studio on Windows or Xcode on macOS which aren't simple or small.

The most similar contemporary approach to that simple game making is probably the 2D game engine LÖVE, which is awesome

https://love2d.org/

[dividuum]

You might also take a look at PICO-8 (https://www.lexaloffle.com/pico-8.php). It's a "fantasy console" also programmable in Lua. It includes code/sprite/music/sfx editor. So a complete environment to build games. And the best thing is that the cartridges are also PNG files (example: https://www.lexaloffle.com/bbs/cposts/2/29524.p8.png)