[currymj]

Judea Pearl’s explanations of this in terms of causality are the only way it really makes sense, in my view.

https://ftp.cs.ucla.edu/pub/stat_ser/r414.pdf

[Gibbon1]

Unless I'm misreading the take away is failure to appreciate graph/network theory is behind the Simpson paradox. And I think a lot of broken 20th century 'science'. Because theory was based on simplistic statistical analysis on processes with strong path dependence.