I finally found it. It's the "create an alternate desktop environment" part that I would say this falls under. Mostly because you have a desktop and they've created a new windowing environment that isn't native to iOS.
>> 2.5.8 Apps that create alternate desktop/home screen environments or simulate multi-app widget experiences will be rejected.
Got it. Yeah I see what you mean. This rule is more about them wanting to maintain control over distribution than it is about having a custom desktop / windowing metaphor. They don’t want people to create a platform within their platform where a third-party is distributing app-like things in an end-run around the iOS App Store.
>> 2.5.8 Apps that create alternate desktop/home screen environments or simulate multi-app widget experiences will be rejected.
https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines/