Texas has a"Robin hood" school finance system, where districts with high property values are subject to recapture, where they send a large percentage of the property taxes collected to the state to be used for districts in less wealthy areas. If memory serves, Austin ISD sends almost half of its billion dollar budget back to the state.
How roads are funded depends on the State and locale. In some States, all highways are funded solely by use (gas and car) taxes as a constitutional requirement. Local roads, on the other hand, are funded almost arbitrarily -- it does include a gas tax in many places but in many places it does not.