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I think there was a lost book by Archimedes that may have been about constructing these, called "on sphere-making"

It mentioned the archimedes sphere in the story

"Rehm suggested that it might possibly be the legendary Sphere of Archimedes, which Cicero had described in the first century B.C. as a kind of mechanical planetarium, capable of reproducing the movement of the sun, the moon, and the five planets that could be seen from Earth without a telescope—"